Prevalencia y factores asociados al consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de secundaria municipio de Guatapé Antioquia

Abstract

Objetivo: determinar prevalencia y factores asociados al consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas en escolares del municipio de Guatapé (Antioquia, Colombia). Métodos: estudio descriptivo, donde se encuestaron los 546 estudiantes matriculados de secundaria en 2005, en la institución educativa del municipio. Se hallaron prevalencias de consumo y se exploraron factores asociados a través del cálculo de OR. Resultados: la prevalencia de alcoholismo en hombres fue 12.5% y mujeres 6.2%. No se halló consumo de basuco, heroína, popper; la marihuana fue la sustancia ilícita más consumida (1.6%). Los factores de riesgo al consumo fueron violencia intrafamiliar; abuso sexual; maltrato físico, vivir con madre y su pareja o sólo con madre, tener amigos consumidores; como factores protectores se encontró elapoyo de pareja, otros parientes o amigos, y no sentirse triste o rechazado en el colegio. Conclusiones: las sustancias licitas de mayor consumo fueron alcohol y cigarrillo; en ilícitas fue la marihuana, sustancia que presenta mayor consumo en hombres.

Abstract

Objective: To determine prevalence and factors associated with the substance related Disorders at Guatapé’s school. Methods: A cross-sectional, which surveyed the 546 students of high school in thistown in 2005. We found prevalences consumption and risk factors were explored by calculating OR. Results: The alcoholism prevalence was 12.5% for men and 6.2% for women. It did not have consumption basuco, heroin, popper, the marijuana was the most illicit substance consumed (1.6%). The risk factors found were domestic violence, sexual abuse, physical abuse, support of partners, other ps or friends, living with mother and her partner or alone with mother, consumers friends and sadness or rejected at school. Conclusions: The licit substances more consumed were alcohol and cigarette, and illicit substances was marijuana, all substances were the most consumed for men.

Key words: Substance-Related Disorders, Street Drugs, Adolescent, Prevalence

Licence

Authors should declare no conflicts of interest either for reasons of financing the project which is the result of the article; as well as intellectuals, academics, moral and investigative reasons.
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